Scrapers are edged tools used in copper plate printing for various purposes such as removing burrs produced when carving the image on the plate, adjusting the tone, deleting the carved lines and finishing the plate mark. Since the cross section of a

Emery is an abrasive made from granulated garnet used in the production of stone lithograph plates to polish the plate surface. It is a pale brown mineral compound consisting of silicate, which contains magnesium, iron, manganese, calcium, etc. Al

A burin is a steel carving tool with a wooden handle used to create the drawing in wood engraving and copper plate printing. It has a cutting tip shaped diagonally at 45 degrees on one end and a wooden handle on the other. Burins are mainly made i

A squeegee is used in screen printing to force the ink through the image section of the screen (holes that have not been blocked out) to transfer it onto the support. In stencil printing, it is a tool that affects the finish of the work directly.

When engraving curved lines with a burin on a woodblock or a copper plate, a cushion (French: coussin) is placed under the woodblock or the plate to enable it to be rotated. This is because a burin can only be moved in one direction. Therefore, in

A sharpening stone is used to sharpen various cutting instruments such as carving tools used in woodblock printing, burins used in wood engraving, and needles and scrapers used in copper plate printing. When carving tools and burins are blunt or c

Synthetic sponges are made of plant fiber (cellulose) and used in making lithograph plates and in printing. It is important for them to be soft because they come into direct contact with the plate surface. At the same time, they must have large po

A rocker (berceau in French) is a tool for producing a regular pattern of tiny holes (and burrs) on a mezzotint copper plate. It is used to prepare the master plate by creating countless holes on the plate surface. It consists of a sharp, arched b

A roulette is a copper plate printing tool for making areas of regular lines and dots on the plate surface by rolling and pushing the toothed metal wheel on its tip. The shape of this toothed wheel is cylindrical (drum shaped). It has small protru

A burnisher is a rod-shaped steel tool used in copper plate printing for adjusting the tone, making corrections to the plate and various other purposes. The shaft of a burnisher is gently curved towards a pointed tip and is shaped like the strip o

A needle is a metal rod with a pointed tip which is used mainly in copper plate printing to score drawings on the plate. The cross-section of a needle's tip can be round, triangular, diamond-shaped or rectangular. Each type produces lines of a sli